José M. Maza-Ortega, Juan M. Mauricio, Manuel Barragán-Villarejo,
Charis Demoulias and Antonio Gómez-Expósito, “Ancillary Services in Hybrid AC/DC Low Voltage Distribution Networks" in Energies

In the last decade, distribution systems are experiencing a drastic transformation with the advent of new technologies. In fact, distribution networks are no longer passive systems, considering the current integration rates of new agents such as distributed generation, electrical vehicles and energy storage, which are greatly influencing the way these systems are operated. In addition, the intrinsic DC nature of these components, interfaced to the AC system through power electronics converters, is unlocking the possibility for new distribution topologies based on AC/DC networks. This paper analyzes the evolution of AC distribution systems, the advantages of AC/DC hybrid arrangements and the active role that the new distributed agents may play in the upcoming decarbonized paradigm by providing different ancillary services. 

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